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Introduction: Evidence for Women's History, Methodology
Day 1 Introductions, Types of Evidence, Methodology
- Fantham et al. pgs.
5-12
- Berkin, "Dangerous Courtesies" (xerox packet)
- Semonides, How to Pick a Wife (L&F #57)
ARCHAIC PERIOD:
Day 2 Myths, Memories, and the Question of ancient Matriarchy
(Catalhoyuk, Minoan Crete, Mycenean Greece, women's work: textiles)
- Ehrenberg, "Matriarchy, Patriarchy, or Equality" and "Was Minoan Crete a Matriarchy?" Women in Prehistory 63-76 and 109-18 (Moodle)
- Ian Hodder, "Women and Men in Catalhoyuk" (Moodle)
- Catalhoyuk (Anatolia)
- Barber, Women's Work, Chs 1, 4 (Moodle)
- J. Billigmeier and J. Turner, "The Socio-economic roles of women in Mycenean Greece," in Reflections of Women in Antiquity, ed. Helene Foley (Gordon and Breach 1981) 1-18. (Moodle)
- Recommended Readings (on reserve):
- Pomeroy, Goddesses, Whores, Wives, and Slaves, Ch 2
- Chris Witcombe, Venus of Willendorf (under Prehistoric) and Minoan Snake goddess (under Aegean)
- Jeremy Rutter, Minoan Religion
- Paul Rehak, "Imag(in)ing a Woman's World in Bronze Age Greece: The Frescoes from Xeste 3 at Akrotiri, Thera," in N. Rabinowitz and L. Auanger, eds., Among Women: From the Homosocial to the Homoerotic in the Ancient World (Texas 2002) 34-59.
Day 3 Mother Goddesses and archaic Greek religion
Day 4 Women's Life Stages in ancient Greece
- Fantham et al. pgs. 19-49
- Richlin, "The Ethnographer's Dilemma" (Moodle)
- Interviews of Nigerian women (Moodle)
- Informal Writing Assignment #1: Re-read the Homeric Hymn to Demeter and explore what it says about the stages of women's lives in archaic Greece, mother-daughter relationships, and women's relationships. What, according to the Hymn, is important to women at each stage of their life? Does the hymn present a positive model of female relationships? How does this model compare with other sources you have read from archaic Greece?
PM: Preparing for an oral interview (Laura Farmer)
Guest Lecture: Matt Stolper, specialist on ancient Persia, presents "From Persepolis before Persepolis: the Persepolis Fortification Archive," Thursday, May 6, 4:30 p.m., Hedges. Reception to follow.
Day 5 A Woman's Voice: Sappho
A.M. Panel Presentation: Calla and Jeff
- Snyder Chapter 1
- Fantham et al. pgs. 12-22
- Study
Guide for Sappho
- Recommended Readings (some on reserve):
- De Jean, Introduction to Fictions of Sappho
- Hallett "Sappho and Her Social Context: Sense and Sensuality"
Signs 4 (1979) 447-64.
- Skinner, "Woman and Language in Archaic Greece, or, Why is Sappho a Woman?" in Rabinowitz and Richlin, eds., Feminist Theory and the Classics, 125-44.
- Greene, "Subjects, Objects, and Erotic Symmetry in Sappho's Fragments," in Rabinowitz and Auanger, eds. Among Women, 82-105
- Parker, "Sappho Schoolmistress" Transactions of the American Philological Association 123 (1993) 309-51
- Winkler, "Double Consciousness in Sappho's Lyrics," in Constraints of Desire, 162-87; repr. in McClure, Sexuality and Gender in the Classical World
Day 6 The Exchange of Women: Concubines & Slaves
- Fantham et al. pgs. 50-53
- Hurmence, ed., My Folks Don't Want Me To Talk About Slavery: Twenty-one
Oral Histories of Former North Carolina Slaves (Winston-Salem, NC:
John F. Blair, Publisher, 1984), pp. 35-39 and 67-74 (Moodle)
- Iliad 1.160-231, 318-361; 3.120-180; 6.365-465; Odyssey 1.424-444,
15.351-484; 18.304-45; 23.390-472 (Moodle)
- Hesiod, The Creation of Women (also Fantham 40-42)
- Euripides, Hecuba (Moodle)
- Questions
- Recommended Readings (on reserve):
- Gerda Lerner: "The Woman Slave," The Creation of Patriarchy
- F. I. Zeitlin, "Playing the Other: Theater, Theatricality, and the Feminine in Greek Drama," in McClure, Sexuality and Gender in the Classical World, 103-38
- Rabinowitz, "Slaves with slaves: Women and class in Euripidean tragedy," in Joshel and Murnaghan, eds., Women and Slaves in Greco-Roman Culture, 56-68
CLASSICAL GREECE:
Day 7 Athens: Women's standing in politics, law, and economics
- Fantham et al. pgs. 68-83, 106-113
- Lefkowitz & Fant plates 2, 3, 9 &10
- How
to Train a Wife (L&F #267)
- Legal Status (L&F #80-87, 236)
- Good Wives: (L&F #29, 36-38, 237)
- Bad Girls: (L&F #59-67, 88-89, 238)
- Women's Response? (L&F #34)
- Women and Women (L&F #226-227)
- More Questions
- Recommended Readings (on reserve):
- Blundell, Women in Ancient Greece, 113-24
- Pomeroy, Goddesses, Whores, Wives, and Slaves, Ch 4
Day 8 Athens: Women's sexuality as subject to social and legal control;
women's education, domestic space
- Fantham et al. pgs. 113-118
- Lysias, "On the Murder of Eratosthenes," Antiphon, "Against
a Stepmother," and pseudo-Demosthenes, "Against Neaera"
(L&F 88-90)
- Working Women:
- Prostitution (L&F #90, 225, 235, 287, 288 )
Theodote
- Other Occupations (L&F #303, 317-18, 322-25, 327, 329-332, 376, 379)
- Plato's Female Pupils (L&F #216)
- Informal Writing Assignment #2: Describe your reactions after
reviewing the Athenian laws and customs regarding adultery, concubinage,
and prostitution and re-reading L&F #88-90. What attitude (or attitudes) regarding women's sexuality
do you think these reveal? Do you perceive any inconsistencies or contradictions
in these laws and customs? How do you think the women (both "respectable"
women and "nonrespectable" women) might have reacted to these laws/customs
and the male attitudes that underlie them?
- Recommended Readings (some on reserve):
- Blundell, Women in Ancient Greece, 124-26, 147-48
- Pomeroy, Goddesses, Whores, Wives, and Slaves, Ch 5
- Johnstone, "Cracking the Code of Silence: Athenian Legal
Oratory and the Histories of Slaves and Women" in Joshel and Murnaghan, eds., Women
and Slaves in Greco-Roman Culture
- Morris, "Remaining Invisible: The Archaeology of the Excluded
in Classical Athens" in Women and Slaves
- Cole, "Could Greek Women Read and Write?" in Reflections
of Women in Antiquity
- Williams, "Women on Athenian Vases: Problems of Interpretation,"
in Images of Women in Antiquity
- Halperin, "The Democratic Body," in One Hundred Years
of Homosexuality
- Keuls, "The Athenian Prostitute: A Good Buy in the Agora"
in The Reign of the Phallos
- Keuls, " The Whore with the Golden Heart, the Happy Hooker,
and other Fictions" in The Reign of the Phallos
- Kurke, "Inventing the Hetaira: Sex, Politics, and Discursive
Conflict in Archaic Greece," Classical Antiquity 16
(1997) 106-50
PM: Guest lecture/workshop: Maria Schutt, Professor of Art, Hands-on workshop on ancient textiles, spinning and weaving
Day 9 Women's Roles in Civic and Private Religion
A.M. Panel Presentation: Megan and Regina
- Fantham et al. pgs.83-97
- Religion (L&F #77, 391-92, 394-96, 398-400, 402-405)
- one of the following two articles (Moodle):
Bella Zweig, "The Primal Mind: Using Native American Models for
the Study of Women in Ancient Greece," in Feminist Theory and
the Classics, ed. N. Sorkin Rabinowitz and A. Richlin (Routledge
1993) 145-80.
Jill Dubisch, "Gender, Kinship, and Religion: 'Reconstructing'
the Anthropology of Greece," in Contested Identities: Gender
and Kinship in Modern Greece, ed. P. Loizos and E. Papataxiarchis
(Princeton 1991) 33-46.
- Recommended Readings (one on reserve):
- Clark, "The Gamos of Hera: Myth and Ritual" in The
Sacred and the Feminine in Ancient Greece
- Nixon, "The Cults of Demeter and Kore" in Women in
Antiquity: New Assessments
- Stehle and Day, "Women Looking At Women: Women's Ritual and
Temple Structure" in Sexuality in Ancient Art
- Stears, "Death Becomes Her: Gender and Athenian Death Ritual" in The Sacred and the Feminine in Ancient Greece
- Winkler, "Laughter of the Oppressed: Demeter and the Gardens
of Adonis" in Constraints of Desire
- Zeitlin, "Cultic Models of the Female: Rites of Dionysus
and Demeter" in Playing the Other
Day 10 Spartan Women; Classical Women Poets
- Final Draft of Oral Interview due at 5 p.m.
- Fantham et al. pgs. 56-66
- Snyder chapter 2
- Telesilla (L&F # 160)
- Lefkowitz & Fant #76, 95-100,
- Alkman, Parthenion
PM: Writing workshop: Revising the oral interview
HELLENISTIC PERIOD
Day 11 Women's Bodies: Ancient Medical Theories
A.M. Panel Presentation: Tara and Elsie
- Fantham et al. "Excursus on Anatomy" (pgs. 183-203)
- King, "Producing Woman: Hippocratic Gynaecology," in Women
in Ancient Societies
- Hiring
a wet nurse (L&F #250)
- A
philosopher on breast-feeding (L&F #253)
- Gynecology
& Reproductive Issues (L&F #338-381)
- Cures of women at Epidauros (L&F 406)
- Greek
and Roman surgical instruments (Asclepion)
- Questions to
Ponder
- Study Guides:
- Recommended Readings (on reserve):
- King, "Bound to Bleed: Artemis and Greek Women," in McClure, Sexuality and Gender in the Classical World, 77-97.
- King, "Self-help, self-knowledge: in search of the patient
in Hippocratic Gynaecology," in Hawley and Levick, eds., Women in Antiquity: New
Assessments
- Dean-Jones, "The Cultural Construct of the Female Body in
Classical Greek Science," in Pomeroy, ed., Women's History and Ancient
History
- Valerie French, Midwives
and Maternity Care in the Roman World," Helios 13.2
(1986) 69-84
Day 12 Hellenistic Culture, Women Poets & Philosophers
- informal writing assignment 3 : Three Greek sculptures of women
- Fantham et al. pgs.140-180
- Snyder Chapter 3
- women painters (L&F #307)
- Hipparchia (L&F #217-218)
- More Questions
- Recommended Readings (on reserve):
- Pomeroy, Goddesses, Whores, Wives, and Slaves, Ch 7
- Salomon, "Making a World of Difference: Gender, Asymmetry, and the Greek Nude," in Koloski-Ostrow and Lyons, eds., Naked Truths, 197-219.
ROMAN WOMEN
Day 13 Early Roman Legends; Women in the early Republic; Etruscan
Women
A.M. Panel: Christina and Regina
- Fantham et al. (pgs. 211-241, 243-58, 260-65)
- Livy's accounts of the Sabine
Women, Lucretia,
and Cloelia
(L&F #233, 166, 165)
- Marriage & Social Status: Laws
of the Kings, The
Twelve Tables ( L&F #107-111, 208, 213)
- Case Study: Cornelia, mother of the Gracchi (L&F 51-3, 223, 259-60)
- Aristocratic Women (L&F #71, 173, 174, 176, 178)
- Vestal
Virgins (L&F # 408-413)
- Recommended Readings (first one on reserve):
- Joshel, "The Body Female and the Body Politic: Livy's Lucretia and Verginia," in McClure, Sexuality and Gender in the Classical World, 163-87.
- Stehle, "Venus, Cybele, and the Sabine Women: The Roman Construction of Female Sexuality," Helios 16.2 (1989) 143-64.
- Mary Beard, "Re-reading Vestal Virginity," in Hawley and Levick, eds., Women in Antiquity: New Assessments, 166-77.
PM: Discussion of patterns among American women and Nigerian women
Day 14 Women, Family and Sexuality in the Late Republic & Early
Empire
A.M. Panel: Em and Liz
- Fantham et al. (pgs. 271-77, 280-292 (skim), 294-306, 314-321)
- Marriage, Family, Divorce, & Social Status (L&F # 41, 43-45, 48-50,
69, 112-122, 128-141, 191, 211, 242, 249, 253, 258)
- Adultery & Sexual Crimes ( L&F # 123-127, 142-47, 240, 265)
- Case Studies: Clodia (L&F 71) and Sempronia (L&F 174)
- The Ara Pacis (Altar of Peace) (Moodle)
- Recommended Readings:
- Cohen, "The Augustan Law on Adultery: The Social and Cultural
Context" in The Family in Italy from Antiquity to the Present
- Flemming, "Quae Corpore Quaestum Facit: The Sexual Economy
of Female Prostitution in the Roman Empire," Journal of
Roman Studies 89 (1999) 38-61
- Edwards, " Unspeakable Professions: Public Performance and Prostitution in Ancient Rome," in Hallett and Skinner, eds., Roman Sexualities, 66-95
- Dixon, "Rape in Roman Law and Myth," in Reading Roman Women, 45-55.
- Myerowitz, "The Domestication of Desire: Ovid's Parva
Tabella and the Theater of Love," in Pornography and
Representation in Greece and Rome
- Treggiari, "Ideals and Practicalities in Matchmaking in Ancient
Rome" in The Family in Italy from Antiquity to the Present
- Hallett, "Female Homoeroticism and the Denial of Roman Reality
in Latin Literature" in Roman Sexualities
Day 15 Art in Roman Life
- Complete draft of Letter to woman interviewed due at time of conference
- Visit the Riley Collection at the Cedar Rapids Museum of Art: departure from the Commons Circle at 9:30 a.m. followed by lunch in CR.
- L&F 39-43, 47, 168-172, 239, 254-56
- Writing Assignment: Describe in detail how the life
of an upper-class Roman woman of the late Republic/early Empire differed
strikingly from that of an upper-class woman in classical Athens in
TWO of the following five areas: 1) guardianship; 2) economic capacities;
3) marital roles; 4) political roles; 5) religious roles. For each of
the two areas that you choose to describe, support your statements about
the Roman women with specific information (including at least one direct
quotation) from the readings from Fantham, et al. (Chapters 9 and 11)
and/or Pomeroy (Chapters 8 and 10)(on reserve). What do you think accounted
for these differences?
PM: Individual Writing Conferences: please bring to the conference a hard copy of the interview and the letter.
Day 16 Elite Women: Roman Women Writers, Cleopatra, Imperial Women
- Final draft of the letter due at 5:00 p.m.
- Fantham et al. (pgs. 136-139, 307-313, 322-27, 345-68)
- Snyder, Chapter 5
- Hallett, Elite Roman women: public speech, literary interests and education (course pack)
- Case Studies: McManus, brief biography of Livia, wife of Augustus; Octavia, Augustus' sister (Fantham et al. 274-75); Julia, Augustus' daughter (L&F 265-66); Cleopatra: (L&F #175)
- Sulpicia the Satirist (L&F #224)
- one of the following two articles (Moodle):
Hallett "Woman as Same and Other in Classical Roman Elite" Helios 16 (1989)
Fischler, "Social Stereotypes and Historical Analysis: The Case of Imperial Women at Rome" in Women in Ancient Societies
- Aristocratic Women (L&F 68, 71, 75, 168, 170-174, 176, 192-201, 209, 214, 219, 243-248, 263, 345-368)
- Imperial Women (L&F # 180, 210, 220, 265-66)
- Curses & Potions (L&F # 415-420)
- Recommended Readings:
- Parker, "Loyal Slaves and loyal wives: The crisis of the outsider-within and Roman exemplum literature," in Joshel and Murnaghan, eds., Women and Slaves in Greco-Roman Culture, 152-73, esp. 152-56 and 163-70
- Hillard, "On the Stage, Behind the Curtain: Images of Politically Active Women in the Late Roman Republic," Helios 16 (1989)
- Joshel, "Female Desire and the Discourse of Empire: Tacitus's Messalina" in Hallett and Skinner, eds. Roman Sexualities
- Plutarch, "The Life of Antony" (see Cleopatra above)
- Richlin, Julia's Jokes, Galla Placidia, and the Roman Use of Women as Political Icons," in Stereotypes of Women in Power
- Wyke, "Augustan Cleopatras," in The Roman Mistress: Ancient and Modern Representation
Day 17 Working Women, Freedwomen & Slaves
- Critique of the Oral Interview Project due at 5:00 p.m.
- Fantham et al. (pgs. 265-70, 330-44, 368-391)
- Slaves & Prostitutes (L&F # 119, 155, 169, 181)
- Midwives & Medical Practitioners (L&F # 369-375, 377-78, 380-382)
- Freedwomen (L&F # 47, 212, 239, 251. 254)
- Final Questions to Ponder
Day 18 Final Exam
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